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Glucose is a major source of energy to the cell growth and
energy production. During tumors formation and cancer cell growth glycolysis
significantly increases as well as glucose uptake and therefore increases
biosynthesis, in addition to many more metabolic changes. These transformations
are known as “Warburg effect” in presence of adequate oxygen (aerobic
glycolysis).
LMP-1 regulates and promotes glycolysis through many
pathways, genes, gene regulators, tumor suppressors, and enzymes such as
PI3-K/Akt, Ras, mTOR, HIF‐1α, c-Myc, NF-κB, p53, GSK3beta, FBW7, FGFR1, the M2
splice isoform of pyruvate kinase PKM2, PDHK1, Hexokinase 2 HK2, VHL and
mutations of isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH)
and fumarate hydratase (FH). Adding the capacity of EBV to induce aerobic
glycolysis to its relevant role to induce cell proliferation and the inhibition
of apoptosis, all these characteristics should prompt current research to
improve the vaccination strategies against EBV.
The aim of this study is to analyze the most recent articles
on how LMP1 can alter the signaling pathways of glycolysis in the
nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
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